INTRODUCTION:

Conductingpolymercompositeswereusedtochangeourlifestylebecauseitisusedtomakehumanlifeeasier,comfortableandluxurious(1).Thesematerialsarelightweight,cheap,resistanttocorrosionandeasilyprocessible(2).Synthesisofpolymerbasedcompositesisoneofthemajoradvancementinpolymerbasedmaterials(3).Polyanilinebasedgraphenecompositesisbetterbecausesimplesynthesisnanoscaledimensions,biodegradablecharacter,highaspectRatio,lightweight, casteffectivenessandsustainability.Aspecthaveallestablishedadriveforthesetypesofmaterials(4-5).Therefore,inancientdaysdifferentformofcarbonasgraphiteanditsderivative,Grapheneoxide, Carbonblack, CarbonFibers,CarbonnanotubesandconductingpolymershavebeenusedforEMIShieldinginmanyapplications(6-9).TheEMIShieldingandotherpropertiesofthesepolymerscanbeexplainedintermsofXRD(10)andpresenceofPolaron/bipolaronleadingtostrongpolarization(11-12).Polyanilineisusedbecauseitiseasilyobtain,goodstabilityandconductingnature(13).

Polyanilinebasedgraphenecompositesarenovelmaterials(14)withsignificantlyenhancedpropertiesowingtothemigrationofasmallamount(<5wt%)ofgrapheneintoapolymermatrix(15-16).Thetwodimensionalgraphenehaveconductingbehaviorbecauseofopticalandelectricalproperties(17-18).ThestiffnessofthegraphenepolymercompositeismuchhigherthentheCNTspolymercompositesandalsothesearemorethermallystablethenotherpolymercomposites(19).GraphenebasedcompositesshowedtheircapabilityofformingathinfilmorcoatingforESD(Electrostaticchargedissipation)(20-22).Applicationsofgraphenebasedcompositesformedanetworkofelectrontransportpathsduetohighthermalconductivityofgraphenecomposites(23-25).Athinfilmorlayerusedinpackedmicroelectronicdevices(26-27).

MATERIALANDMETHOD:

ThePANICoatedgraphenecompositeshavebeenpreparedbyinsituemulsionpolymerizationusingβ-NSAasdopant.Graphenecompositesdispersedinβ-NSAaqueoussolutionbeforepolymerisation.Asaresult,micellesofgrapheneformedinthereaction.Thesemicellesshowparticlestructureasshowninfigure2.0.1MAnilinemonomerwasaddedtoaboveemulsionandhomogenisedforanother1hr.AtthistimeAnilinereactswithβ-NSAtoformAnilineβ-NSAmicelleswhichactassofttemplate.Thehomogenisedmixturewastransfertoreactorprecooledto0°C.PolymerisationwasstartedbydropwiseadditionofAmmoniumperoxydisulphateandallowedcontinuousstirringat0°Cunder.Therefore,anilinefilledmicellesareformedandactassofttemplate.Asthepolymerisationstartedthemicelleschangedintoshapefromspheretotubules.Inthiswayoxidationleadstotheformationofpolymercomposites.

Inthiswayoxidationleadstotheformationofpolymercomposites.Inthistubularstructuregraphenecompositesshouldbesituatedinsidethepolymercomposites.ThesePolyaniline–graphenecompositesshowedgrapheneembeddedinPANIasathinlayerleadstotheformationofpolymercompositeswhichshowsgoodelectricalandchemicalproperties.


	AddgraphemeandNSA		Homogenizeitfor1hour

	Homogenizeitfor1hour		Add0.1mAniline

	Add0.2mAmmoniumperoxydisulphate		PolyanilineGrapheneComposite

Figure1.FlowchartofthesynthesisprocedureofPANIcomposite

Figure2.SchematicrepresentationofthePANI/Graphenecomposite

RESULTANDDISCUSSION:

Scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM):

WeobservedthesurfaceofPANI-graphenecompositesshowsthepresenceofathinlayerofpolyanilineandsomefieldofgraphenedepositedbypolyaniline.Graphenehavinghighspecificsurfaceareaprovideslargenumberofsorptionsitestoanilinemonomerwhichcanpolymerizetoformcoatingoverthegraphene.InthepresenceofgraphenePANIcoatedtubesexistsastubularagglomerates.ThismaybeattributedtothelargeproportionofpolymerizedPANIascomparedtoanilinepolymerizedovergraphenesurface.

Figure–3SEMmicrographofPANIandgraphenecomposite

UV-Visiblestudies:

TheUV-VisiblespectraofPANI-graphenecompositeshowsredshift.Whichhasbeenobservedforthebandfrom600-665nmshowspolaronictransition.Absorptionspectrashowaredshiftfortheband300-327nmduetothep-p^*transition.ThisshiftingmaybeduetotheinteractionofgraphenewithPANImatrix, whichmaymaketheenergyofantibondingorbitaltodecreaseandleadingtoexhibitaredshift.

Figure–4UVVisiblespectraPANIgraphenecomposite

XRDanalysis:

ThePANI-graphenecompositeshowsthecharacteristicpeaks.ThePANIgraphenecompositeshowsasharppeakcanteredon2valueof26^◦whichcorrespondstothe(002)planesofgraphene.Thepeaksaround43^◦areduetothe(110)and(100)graphiticplanesplussmallamountofcatalystparticleencapsulatedinsidethewallsofthegraphene.ThePANIgraphenecompositeshowssharppeakswithoutanyadditionalbandindicatingabsenceofcovalentinteractions.

Figure–5XRDpatternofPANIandgraphenecomposite

CONCLUSION:

Polyanilinegraphenecompositeweresuccessfullysynthesizedbyinsituemulsionpolymerization.ThefavorableinteractionbetweenPANIandgraphenecompositewasconfirmedbyXRDandSEMcharacterization.TheSEMpictureshowuniformcoatingofPANIoversurfaceofindividualgraphene.Basedonobservedmorphologicalfeatures,itwassuggestedthattheprobableformationmechanismofthesecomposites.ThissuggestsignificantinteractionsbetweenthePANIandgraphene.XRDshowsystematicshiftinginthepositionsofcharacteristicbandsandpeaksofPANIgraphenecomposite.ThesePANIcoatedgraphenecompositewithlargeaspectratioarealsoproposedashybridconductivefillersinvariousthermoplasticmatricesformakingstrongwaveshields.

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Receivedon10.10.2017Modifiedon13.11.2017

AsianJ.ResearchChem.2018;11(1):69-71.

DOI:10.5958/0974-4150.2018.00015.9