Author(s):
Hillary Kiprotich, Esther W. Nthiga, Douglas O. Onyancha
Email(s):
hillary.kipro998@gmail.com
DOI:
10.52711/0974-4150.2024.00038 
Address:
Hillary Kiprotich*, Esther W. Nthiga, Douglas O. Onyancha
Chemistry Department, Dedan Kimathi University of Technology, Private Bag – 10143, Dedan Kimathi, Nyeri – Kenya.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 17,
Issue - 4,
Year - 2024
ABSTRACT:
Hydrogels have demonstrated an array of potential as a medium throughout the last century for a range of applications. Synthetic polymers currently dominate hydrogel fabrication research and industry. It turns out that these synthetic polymers are not biodegradable posing serious environmental problems therefore finding a sustainable substitute for polysaccharide-based high-performance hydrogel synthesis is imperative. Utilising biopolymers produced from polysaccharides to produce high-performance hydrogels reduces environmental pollution and manufacturing costs. The most common organic polymer found in nature, cellulose has a wide range of applications despite being poorly soluble in most organic solvents including water. A cellulose pulp was produced by pre-treating the waste papers with double alkali and acid hydrolysis, which eliminated the lignin and hemicellulose, respectively. This pulp was then characterised using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR). The cellulose pulp's FT-IR spectrum showed no peak at 2957, 2886, 1513, and 1430 cm-1, confirming that there was neither lignin nor hemicellulose present. The resulting cellulose pulp was dissolved in an 8:6.5:8 weight percent solution of sodium hydroxide, urea, and thiourea to form a self-standing cellulose hydrogel without the requirement for a cross-linker. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was then added as an agent for gelling and refrigerated at -20°C. ATR-FTIR and SEM were used to characterise the uncross-linked cellulose hydrogel (UCH) that was generated. To improve the mechanical, swelling, and stability properties of UCH, cross-linked cellulose hydrogel (CCH) was made by crosslinking the UCH with glutaraldehyde (GA). The CCH was evaluated using FT-IR and SEM-EDX. The analysis of ATR-FTIR and SEM micro-image data added to the evidence supporting the existence of a chemical cross-linking reaction between GA and cellulose. A preliminary test was carried out utilising the tea-bag method at a predetermined time to investigate the impact of cellulose alteration on each hydrogel's capacity to swell.
Cite this article:
Hillary Kiprotich, Esther W. Nthiga, Douglas O. Onyancha. Fabrication and Characterisation of Cross-linked Cellulose hydrogel from Residual papers. Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry. 2024; 17(4):209-6. doi: 10.52711/0974-4150.2024.00038
Cite(Electronic):
Hillary Kiprotich, Esther W. Nthiga, Douglas O. Onyancha. Fabrication and Characterisation of Cross-linked Cellulose hydrogel from Residual papers. Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry. 2024; 17(4):209-6. doi: 10.52711/0974-4150.2024.00038 Available on: https://ajrconline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2024-17-4-5
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